END OF YEAR TEST● ANSWER KEY
Speaking
Teacher’s notes
Task1
The students each have two photos.
Student A prompt: Your photographs show different kinds of crimes. I’d like you to compare the photographs and say what effect you think these crimes might have on the people who suffer from them.
Student B prompt: Your photographs show different kinds of crimes. I’d like to you compare the photographs and say which crime you think is more serious, and why.
Task 2
Students discuss the options in pairs.
Prompt: Now I’d like you to talk about something together. I’d like you to look at the different ways in which young people who commit crimes can be punished or helped. Which of these ideas might be the most useful for the young people?
Task 3
Students discuss the questions in pairs. Select any of the following questions, as appropriate.
1 What happens to young people who commit crimes in your country?
2 Some people say that young people who commit crimes should always go to prison. Do you agree? Why? / Why not?
3 What can schools do to help prevent young people becoming involved in crimes?
4 What facilities can towns and cities provide to help young people?
5 In some countries, parents are considered responsible if their children commit crimes. Do you think this is a good idea? Why? / Why not?
Prompts: Select any of the following prompts, as appropriate, to encourage both students to participate:
• What do you think?
• Do you agree?
• And you?
Sample answers and mark schemes
Task 1
Can describe what is happening in a picture and make simple speculations.
Can justify and sustain views clearly by providing relevant explanations and arguments.
Student A
The photographs are similar because they both show crimes. In the first photograph, someone has written or drawn on the walls of a building. I think it’s in a big city because it doesn’t look like the countryside, and I think these kinds of crimes are more common in cities. I suppose a young person might have done this because they were bored. The second photograph shows someone stealing a mobile phone. I think this person is probably committing this crime to get money. They’re probably going to sell the phone to someone else. The person whose phone is being stolen hasn’t noticed yet but when they find out I expect they will be shocked. I think I would be very shocked if this happened to me. One difference between the photographs is that vandalism isn’t a crime against a person. It is damage to a building or other place, whereas stealing something is a crime against a person. I think that stealing someone’s phone would have a much bigger effect on a person because it would be annoying to lose your phone, and it would also cost money to replace it. So, this crime perhaps has more effect. On the other hand, vandalism has an effect on a lot of people because it makes the city look unpleasant, so then people won’t want to live there. Also, no one will clean it off, so it will probably be there for a long time. I think it could make people feel depressed if they see this every day.
Student B
The photographs both show crimes, and I think they are both crimes that young people might commit. In the first photograph, someone is stealing a pair of jeans from a shop – they are hiding them under their jacket. I think probably a lot of young people do this, and they don’t think it’s a very serious crime. I guess perhaps they’re doing it for fun, or to have a laugh. They probably think that the shop has plenty of money. But I think it is quite serious because if a lot of people steal things from shops, the prices will increase. The second photograph shows vandalism. The bus stop has been damaged, so now people won’t be able to use it properly. I think that’s really annoying. I guess it was probably done by young people, maybe because they had nothing to do. They probably didn’t think about the effects of what they were doing. In my opinion, both these crimes are serious. Stealing is always bad, and I think people have to learn that if they want something they should buy it – they can’t just take it. On the other hand, damaging things is a really mean crime because it prevents a lot of people from using things that have been provided for them or from enjoying a place in their neighbourhood.
Can justify a viewpoint on a topical issue by discussing pros and cons of various options.
Students A and B
A I think that young people who commit crimes definitely need help. What do you think?
B Yes, I agree with you. I think maybe they commit crimes because they’ve got problems, so I don’t think that prison will really help them much. Do you agree?
A Yes, I do. Prison would take them away from their school and their family, and I don’t think that would help them to learn. I think education is a really good idea.
B Yes, I agree. If young people are educated, they can get a good job and then they won’t need to commit crimes. I’m not sure about a job, though. If they don’t have any qualifications, it wouldn’t be a very interesting job, so they might get bored and commit more crimes. What do you think?
A Yes, but on the other hand they would have money so they wouldn’t have to steal things.
B Yes, that’s true. What do you think about meeting their victims? Do you think that could be useful?
A Yes, sometimes. For example, if someone has stolen something from someone, it could be good for them to meet the victim and understand how upsetting it was for them. For example, maybe they stole some jewellery that was important to the person.
A Yes, that’s true. It could help them to understand the effects of their crime. And what about emotional support?
B Yes, I think that probably a lot of young people who commit crimes have problems, for example maybe they don’t have parents who understand them.
A I think you’re right. I think that it can really help to have someone to talk to and discuss your problems with. So, which do you think is the most useful idea? For me, I think probably it’s education or emotional support.
B I agree that they’re both useful, but I think probably education is the most useful because it can give young people opportunities for their whole life.
A Yes, I agree.
Task3
Can express opinions as regards possible solutions, giving brief reasons and explanations.
Can develop an argument well enough to be followed without difficulty most of the time.
Young people who commit crimes in my country don’t usually go to prison. Sometimes they might have to do some work in the community, for example cleaning or helping at a youth centre. If it’s a serious crime, they might go to a special school. I think that’s a good idea for serious crimes, but I think for minor crimes it’s best for them to do something in the community, maybe to help the victims of their crime.
Well, on the one hand it’s important to punish young people who commit crimes, so that they learn it’s wrong and they won’t do it again. On the other hand, I don’t think prison is a good idea. If young people are in prison, they can’t go to school so they can’t get a good education. Then they will be more likely to commit more crimes in the future. I think it’s best to punish young people in the community.
I think schools can discuss crimes with young people, so they can understand why crimes are wrong. For example, some teenagers might think it’s fun to steal from shops, and they might not think about the effects of their crimes. Schools can discuss this. Also, schools can help to give young people interests and hobbies, so they don’t get bored and commit crimes because they have nothing to do.
I think towns and cities can provide youth clubs for young people. These are a great place for young people to meet their friends and have fun. Also, it’s important to have places outside where young people can go, like parks and sports centres. Maybe cities could make things like cinemas cheaper for young people, because often young people don’t have much money. That would be good.
No, in my opinion this isn’t a good idea. I think that young people need to accept that if they do something wrong, it’s their responsibility. Of course, parents have a duty to educate their children and teach them how to behave, but I think that teenagers are old enough to make decisions for themselves. So, if they do something wrong, they should be punished.
The tasks together are worth 20 marks. Award up to 4 marks for each section of the mark scheme, according to the descriptions below.
Marks
Task achievement
Spoken production and fluency
Spoken interaction
Range
Accuracy
0-1
Completes none of the task, or only a small part of the task.
Hesitates a lot and does not seem confident. Is not easy to understand.
Does not engage with the listener, and makes very little effort to communicate.
Uses only very basic vocabulary and grammar, with a lot of errors.
Lots of errors even in basic language, which impede communication.
2-3
Completes most parts of the task.
Speaks with some confidence and is comprehensible. Some hesitation, but not enough to impede communication.
Engages with the listener to some extent, and makes an effort to communicate effectively. Asks questions and responds when working in pairs.
Uses simple vocabulary and basic grammar structures accurately. Uses some more advanced vocabulary and grammar structures with errors.
Generally accurate, but with some errors, especially in more advanced language.
4
Completes all parts of the task.
Speaks with fluency, with very little hesitation. Is clear and comprehensible. Uses some intonation to add emphasis.
Engages fully with the listener, using gestures and intonation to help express meaning. Interacts very well by asking questions and responding when working in pairs.
Uses a wide range of vocabulary appropriately, and uses a wide range of grammar structures accurately and appropriately.
A few mistakes in more advanced language structures, but generally very accurate.
© 2016 Pearson FOCUS 3 PHOTOCOPIABLE 1
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