Scientific American 2022 06.pdf

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June 2022
SCIenTIFICAMeRICAn.COM
The Science
of Child Care
Mysterious Cosmic
Explosions
How the Brain
Builds Reality
AGE
OF THE
MAMMALS
After the dinosaurs died,
our ancestors thrived
June 2022
VO LU M E 3 2 6 , N U M B E R 6
28
PA L E O N TO LO G Y
28 How Mammals Prevailed
They scurried in the shadows
of dinosaurs for millions of years
until a killer asteroid created
a new world of evolutionary
opportunity.
By Steve Brusatte
NEUROSCIENCE
road map for policies that give
children more learning abilities
and brighter futures—yet the U.S.
continues to wander off course.
By Dana Suskind
and Lydia Denworth
36 Constructing the World
from Inside Out
The brain probes your physical
surroundings to select just
the information needed to survive
and flourish.
By György Buzsáki
A S T R O N O MY
SPECIAL REPORT
S1
S3
Innovations In Health Equity
Discrimination
Is Heartbreaking
By Jyoti Madhusoodanan
S12
44 Mysterious
Cosmic Detonations
Twenty years after their discovery,
fast radio bursts are coming
into focus.
By Adam Mann
C H I L D D E V E LO PM E N T
Steve Brusatte
Mental Health Care’s
Great Divide
By Sarah Sloat
On THe C OVe R
Cimolestes,
the size of a small rodent, lived
alongside dinosaurs during the Cretaceous
epoch. It belonged to a group of mammals
known as the eutherians, which gave rise to
the placentals. Placental mammals give birth
to live, well-developed young. They constitute
the largest group of mammals alive today
and include creatures as disparate as bats,
whales and humans.
Illustration by Beth Zaiken.
S16
The Oldest Pandemic
By Sofia Moutinho
S21 Profiles in Health Equity
By Julia Hotz
48 The Path to
Better Childhoods
Brain science provides a clear
S24
Gatekeepers of Health
By David Malebranche
June 2022, ScientificAmerican.com
1
4 From the Editor
6 Letters
8 Science Agenda
By raising the specter of nuclear apocalypse, the war
in Ukraine shows the urgent need for arms-control
negotiations.
By the Editors
10 Forum
The staggering COVID death toll—about one million
people in the U.S. alone—must not be normalized.
By Steven W. Thrasher
12
12 Advances
Composing a message to aliens. The genes behind
parachute frogs’ incredible glides. Redwoods’ moisture-
sucking leaves. New players in a pimple face-off.
24 Meter
The poetry of stored seeds for an uncertain future.
By Brittney Corrigan
26 The Science of Health
With some help, your body may be able to repair
its arthritic joints.
By Claudia Wallis
56 Mind Matters
24
Most personalities blend traditional gender features.
By Spencer Greenberg and Holly Muir
58 Recommended
A playbook for science denial. Focusing on females
in the animal kingdom. A pandemic allegory. Bridging
soil health with human nutrition.
By Amy Brady
59 Observatory
Predatory journals, with shoddy research,
put people’s lives at risk.
By Naomi Oreskes
60 50, 100 & 150 Years Ago
By Mark Fischetti
62 Graphic Science
59
How skin cancer rates vary across the globe.
By Clara Moskowitz and MSJONESNYC
Scientific American (ISSN 0036-8733), Volume 326, Number 6, June 2022, published monthly by Scientific American, a division of Springer Nature America, Inc., 1 New York Plaza, Suite 4600, New York, N.Y. 10004-
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Scientific American, June 2022

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