MAE02_Messerschmitt_Bf109.pdf

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MODEL

AIRCRAFT

EXTRA

No.2

BUILDING THE

Messerschmitt Bf 109

Compiled by Andy Evans

PUBLICATIONS LTD

Model Aircraft Extra #2

Building the Messerschmitt Bf 109

Compiled by Andy Evans

Produced under licence by:

MA Publications Ltd

PO Box 1592, Bedford, MK40 9FD | UK

Telephone: +44 (0) 1234 331431

Email: info@modelaircraftmag.com

Website: www.modelaircraftmag.com

publication may be reproduced or

transmitted in any form or by any means,

electronic or mechanical, including

photocopy, recording, or any other

information storage and retrieval system,

without permission in writing from the

publishers.

ISBN: 978-1-9161005-1-0

Complied by: Andy Evans

Design & Layout: Andy Folds,

Jonathan Phillips

Printed and bound in the United Kingdom

The Messerschmitt Bf 109

Contents

Introduction

- The Messerschmitt Bf 109

A Glorious Gustav

– Eduard Bf 109G-6 Late

Desert Fighter

–Eduard Bf 109F-4

Josef Priller’s Emil

– 1:48 Eduard Bf 109E3

Augsburg’s Eagle Over Spain

– Dora Wings Bf 109A/B

Uncle Sam’s Gustav

– AZ model Bf 109G-6

Recovered Gustav

– Revell Bf 109G-4 Trop

Dawn of the Gustav

– Eduard Bf 109G-6 Early

Romanian Raider

– Eduard Bf 109G-4

An Emblematic Emil

– Tamiya Bf 109E-3

Black 6 In Detail

– Bf 109G-2 Trop

A Swiss Gustav

– Hasegawa Bf 109G-6

Gustav In the Neutral Zone

– Eduard Bf 109G-10

Hartmann’s Final Combat

- Hasegawa Bf 109K-4

Harlequin Eagle

– Eduard Bf 109F-2

Eagle Eyes

– Eduard Bf 109G-6 to Bf 109G-6/U3

The Messerschmitt

Bf 109

he Messerschmitt Bf 109 was one of the iconic

German aircraft of World War II and the backbone

of the Luftwaffe’s fighter force. The Bf 109

first saw operational service in 1937 during

the Spanish Civil War and was still in service at the dawn

of the jet age at the end of World War II in 1945. It was

one of the most advanced fighters of the era, including

such features as all-metal monocoque construction,

a closed canopy, and retractable landing gear. It was

From the end of 1941, the Bf 109 was steadily being

supplemented by the Focke-Wulf Fw 190. The Bf 109

was designed by Willy Messerschmitt and Robert Lusser,

who worked at Bayerische Flugzeugwerke during the

early to mid-1930s. Whilst the 109 was conceived as

an interceptor, later models were developed to fulfil

multiple tasks, serving as bomber escort, fighter-

bomber, day-night all-weather fighter, ground-attack

aircraft, and as reconnaissance aircraft. It was supplied

to and operated by several states during World War

II and served with several countries for many years

after the war. The Bf 109 is the most produced fighter

aircraft in history, with a total of 33,984 airframes

produced from 1936 up to April 1945. The Bf 109

was flown by the three top-scoring German fighter

aces of World War II, who claimed 928 victories

among them while flying with Jagdgeschwader 52,

mainly on the Eastern Front. The highest scoring

fighter ace of all time, Erich Hartmann, flew the Bf

109 and was credited with 352 aerial victories. The

aircraft was also flown by Hans-Joachim Marseille,

the highest-scoring German ace in the North African

INTRODUCTION –

MESSERSCHMITT BF 109

A Bf 109E-3 of JG 53 seen in late 1939

A Bf 109G-6 of JG 27 in flight

Campaign, who achieved 158 aerial victories. It was

also flown by several other aces from Germany’s

allies, notably the Finn Ilmari Juutilainen, the highest

scoring non-German ace on the type, and pilots

from Italy, Romania, Croatia, Bulgaria and Hungary.

Through constant development, the Bf 109

remained competitive with the latest Allied fighter

aircraft until the end of the war.

During 1933, the Technisches Amt (C-Amt), the

technical department of the Reichsluftfahrtministerium

(RLM) Reich Aviation Ministry, concluded a series of

research projects into the future of air combat. The

result of the studies was four broad outlines for future

aircraft, these being - Rüstungsflugzeug I for a multi-

seat medium bomber, Rüstungsflugzeug II for a tactical

bomber, Rüstungsflugzeug III for a single-seat fighter

and Rüstungsflugzeug IV for a two-seat heavy fighter.

Rüstungsflugzeug III was intended to be a short-range

interceptor, replacing the Arado Ar 64 and Heinkel

He 51 biplanes then in service. In late March 1933 the

RLM published the tactical requirements for a single-

seat fighter in the document L.A. 1432/33. The fighter

needed to have a top speed of 400km/h (250mph) at

6,000m (19,690ft), to be maintained for twenty-minutes,

while having a total flight duration of ninety-minutes.

The critical altitude of 6,000 metres was to be reached in

no more than seventeen-minutes, and the fighter was to

have an operational ceiling of 10,000 metres. Power was

to be provided by the new Junkers Jumo 210 engine

of about 522 kW (700hp), and it was to be armed with

either a single 20mm MG C/30 engine-mounted cannon

firing through the propeller hub as a Motorkanone,

or two synchronised, engine cowl-mounted 7.92mm

(.312in) MG 17 machine guns, or one lightweight

engine-mounted 20mm MG FF cannon with two

7.92mm MG 17s. The MG C/30 was an airborne adaption

of the 2 cm FlaK 30 anti-aircraft gun, which fired very

powerful ‘Long Solothurn’ ammunition, but was very

heavy and had a low rate of fire. It was also specified

that the wing loading should be kept below 100 kg/

m2. The performance was to be evaluated based on the

fighter’s level speed, rate of climb, and manoeuvrability,

in that order. Design work on Messerschmitt Project

Number P.1034 began in March 1934, just three weeks

after the development contract was awarded. The

basic mock-up was completed by May, and a more

detailed design mock-up was ready by January 1935.

The RLM designated the design as type ‘Bf 109,’ the next

available from a block of numbers assigned to BFW.

The first prototype (Versuchsflugzeug 1 or V1), with

civilian registration D-IABI, was completed by May

1935, but the new German engines were not yet ready.

To get the R III designs into the air, the RLM acquired

four Rolls-Royce Kestrel VI engines by trading Rolls-

Royce a Heinkel He 70 Blitz for use as an engine test-

bed. Messerschmitt received two of these engines

and adapted the engine mounts of V1 to take the V-12

engine upright. V1 made its maiden flight at the end

of May 1935 at the airfield located in the southernmost

area of Augsburg and piloted by Hans-Dietrich ‘Bubi’

Knoetzsch. After four months of flight testing, the

aircraft was delivered in September to the Luftwaffe’s

central test centre at the Erprobungsstelle Rechlin to

take part in the design competition. In 1935, the

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